Flank Wear

• High cutting speed
• Low wear resistance carbide grade

• Reduce cutting speed
• Use harder grade
• Increase coolant pressure
• Adjust center height position

Crater Wear

• Excessive cutting temperatures and pressures on the top of the insert.

• Reduce cutting speed
• Reduce feed rate
• Use harder grade
• Increase coolant pressure
• Use an insert with a positive cutting rake

Plastic Deformation

• Cutting temperature is too high

• Reduce cutting speed
• Reduce feed rate
• Use harder grade
• Increase coolant pressure

Notch Wear

• Cutting speed too high, or insufficient insert wear resistance of the carbide grade

• Reduce the cutting speed
• Reduce the feed rate
• Use harder grade
• Vary the cutting depth
• Increase coolant pressure

Thermal Cracking

• Excessive variations in surface temperature, intermittent machining, or variations in coolant supply

• Reduce cutting speed
• Reduce feed rate
• Use tougher grade
• Use stronger edge geometry
• Turn off coolant supply when machining interrupted cuts

Edge Fracture

• Caused by excessive insert wear before indexing the insert
• The grade and geometry could be too weak for the applications
• Excessive load on the insert
• Built-up edge has been formed on the insert

• Reduce the cutting speed
• Use tougher grade
• Reduce the feed rate
• Use more stable tool holder
• Use reinforced cutting edge negative cutting rake
• Use screw clamping instead of self clamping
• Adjust center height position
• Reduce tool extension

Built-up Edge

• Cutting zone temperature is too low
• Negative cutting geometry
• Machining of very sticky materials such as low-carbon steel, stainless steels, and aluminum

• Increase the cutting speed
• Use an indexable insert with a sharper cutting edge
• Increase the coolant pressure

Flank Wear

• High cutting speed
• Low wear resistance carbide grade

• Reduce cutting speed
• Use harder grade
• Increase coolant pressure
• Adjust center height position

Crater Wear

• Excessive cutting temperatures and pressures on the top of the insert.

• Use harder grade
• Reduce cutting speed
• Increase coolant pressure
• Use an insert with a positive cutting rake

Plastic Deformation

• Cutting temperature is too high

• Use harder grade
• Reduce feed rate
• Reduce cutting speed
• Increase coolant pressure

Notch Wear

• Cutting speed too high, or insufficient insert wear resistance of the carbide grade

• Reduce the cutting speed
• Use harder grade
• Use reinforced cutting edge negative cutting rake
• Adjust center height position
• Increase the coolant pressure

Thermal Cracking

• Excessive variations in surface temperature, intermittent machining, or variations in coolant supply

• Reduce cutting speed
• Reduce feed rate
• Use tougher grade
• Use stronger edge geometry
• Turn off coolant supply when machining interrupted cuts

Edge Fracture

• Caused by excessive insert wear before indexing the insert
• The grade and geometry could be too weak for the applications
• Excessive load on the insert
• Built-up edge has been formed on the insert

• Reduce the cutting speed
• Use tougher grade
• Reduce feed rate
• Reduce tool extension
• Use more stable tool holder
• Use reinforced cutting edge negative cutting rake
• Use screw clamping instead of self clamping
• Check center height position
• Use screw clamping instead of self- clamping

Built-up Edge

• Cutting zone temperature is too low
• Negative cutting geometry
• Machining of very sticky materials such as low-carbon steel, stainless steels, and aluminum

• Increase the cutting speed
• Use an insert with a positive cutting rake
• Increase the coolant pressure

Flank Wear

• High cutting speed
• Low wear resistance carbide grade

• Reduce cutting speed
• Use harder grade
• Increase coolant pressure
• Adjust center height position

Crater Wear

• Excessive cutting temperatures and pressures on the top of the insert.

• Use harder grade
• Reduce cutting speed
• Increase coolant pressure
• Use an insert with a positive cutting rake

Plastic Deformation

• Cutting temperature is too high

• Use harder grade
• Reduce feed rate
• Reduce cutting speed
• Increase coolant pressure

Notch Wear

• Cutting speed too high, or insufficient insert wear resistance of the carbide grade

• Reduce the cutting speed
• Use harder grade
• Use reinforced cutting edge negative cutting rake
• Adjust center height position
• Increase the coolant pressure

Thermal Cracking

• Excessive variations in surface temperature, intermittent machining, or variations in coolant supply

• Reduce cutting speed
• Reduce feed rate
• Use tougher grade
• Use stronger edge geometry
• Turn off coolant supply when machining interrupted cuts

Edge Fracture

• Caused by excessive insert wear before indexing the insert
• The grade and geometry could be too weak for the applications
• Excessive load on the insert
• Built-up edge has been formed on the insert

• Reduce cutting speed
• Use tougher grade
• Reduce feed rate
• Reduce tool extension
• Use more stable tool holder
• Use reinforced cutting edge negative cutting rake
• Check center height
• Use screw clamping instead of self- clamping

Built-up Edge

• Cutting zone temperature is too low
• Negative cutting geometry
• Machining of very sticky materials such as low-carbon steel, stainless steels, and aluminum

• Increase the cutting speed
• Use an insert with a positive cutting rake
• Increase the coolant pressure